Discovering Hiiumaa: Estonia’s Hidden Gem
Nestled in the tranquil waters of the Baltic Sea, Hiiumaa stands proudly as the northernmost island of the Muhu archipelago. Positioned to the northwest of the Gulf of Riga, it is elegantly separated from Saaremaa to the south by the Soela Strait and from the Estonian mainland to the east by Muhu Strait. Characterized by its low-lying terrain, Hiiumaa is composed primarily of limestone and marine sediment, giving it a unique geological makeup.
A Brief Overview of Hiiumaa
Often referred to as “Hey,” Hiiumaa has a rich history that has shaped its identity. Known in German as Dagö and in Russian as Khiuma, its English name is Dago. The island has a storied past, once under the control of the Brothers of the Sword in the early 13th century and later governed by the Teutonic Knights from 1237 onward. Over the centuries, Hiiumaa has changed hands multiple times, falling under Danish rule in 1560, Swedish control in 1582, and later becoming part of Russia in 1721. It officially became part of Estonia in 1920, though it was encompassed within the USSR from 1940 until 1991.
Today, the village of Kärdla serves as the island’s capital, housing approximately one-third of its population. The economic backbone of Hiiumaa consists of livestock herding, farming, fishing, and fish processing, all contributing to the island’s vibrant community. Covering an area of 382 square miles (or 989 square kilometers), the island has an estimated population of 10,118 as of 2008, making it both a picturesque and lively destination.
In an era where many places have lost their authentic charm, Hiiumaa remains a beacon of cultural heritage, beckoning visitors to explore its serene landscapes and rich history. Whether you’re drawn by its natural beauty or interested in its storied past, Hiiumaa is truly a hidden gem of Estonia.
